Hoisting is a JavaScript mechanism where variables and function declarations are moved to the top of their containing scope during the compilation phase.
This means that regardless of where variables and functions are declared in the code, they are moved to the top of their function or global scope.
However, only the declarations are hoisted, not the initializations.
For example, if a variable is declared and initialized at the bottom of a function, its declaration will be hoisted to the top, but the initialization will remain in place.
Hoisting can lead to unexpected behavior if not understood properly, so it is important for developers to be aware of how it works.
It is recommended to always declare variables at the beginning of their scope to avoid confusion and potential issues with hoisting.